As a class of nanomaterials exhibiting enzymatic properties, nanozymes have demonstrated immense potential for application in fields such as biosensing, disease diagnosis, and environmental protection, owing to their advantages of low cost, high stability, and tunable catalytic activity. However, natural nanozymes still suffer from limitations regarding catalytic efficiency, substrate specificity, and biocompatibility, which restrict their further practical application. Consequently, the optimization of nanozymes through various modification strategies has emerged as a focal point of research in this field. This review summarizes the primary strategies for nanozyme modification developed in recent years-including surface modification, doping and defect engineering, nanocomposite formation, and structural regulation-and elaborates on the mechanisms by which these distinct modification methods influence the catalytic performance of nanozymes. Furthermore, the paper summarizes the latest advancements in the application of modified nanozymes across biomedical, environmental remediation, and industrial catalysis sectors. It also offers perspectives on the challenges and prospects facing their future development, with the aim of providing a reference for the design and development of high-performance nanozymes.
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Ling, K., Zhu, H., Lin, L., Wang, G., Li, Y., Jiang, Q., Wang, Z., Lai, X., Xiao, J., Zou, S. (2026) Progress in Research on Nanozyme Modification. Scientific Research Bulletin, 3(1), 44-59.