Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a non-invasive, convenient and non-contact fundus imaging technique, which can not only clearly present the microvascular and anatomical structure of the retina and choroid, but also quantitatively analyze them. The retina is considered the window to the brain, and some patients with central nervous system (CNS) diseases show characteristic changes in the retina that often precede the main symptoms of the CNS. In this review, we summarize the fundus changes observed in CNS diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, stroke, Parkinson’s disease and multiple sclerosis by OCTA. Retinal biomarkers have the potential to serve as important tools for early diagnosis and monitoring of CNS disease progression. Moreover, OCTA provides a unique, non-invasive perspective for establishing an eye-brain axis evaluation system. However, current findings remain inconsistent due to variations in study protocols, sample sizes, and imaging platforms. Future large-scale, standardized multicenter studies are needed to validate the clinical utility of OCTA-derived metrics and to facilitate their integration into routine diagnostic workflows for CNS disorders.
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Zhu, S., Pan, Z., Cui, D., Yu, Y., Xie, C. (2025) Advances in the Use of OCTA Techniques in Selected Central Nervous System Diseases. Scientific Research Bulletin, 2(4), 85-91. https://doi.org/10.71052/srb2024/JYTX1738